4. Learn Adjectives (KEIYOUSHI)

There are two kinds of adjectives, i adjectives and NA adjectives.

i adjectives (adjectives ending at "i")

modify a noun + i	NEGATIVE + kunai	PAST + katta(desu)	PAST NEGATIVE + kunakatta	English
yasashi.i	yasashi.kunai	yasashi.katta	yasashi.kunakatta	easy / kind
isogashi.i	isogashi.kunai	isogashi.katta	isogashi.kunakatta	busy
yo.i	yo.kunai	yo.katta	yo.kunakatta	good
waru.i	waru.kunai	waru.katta	waru.kunakatta	bad
samu.i	samu.kunai	samu.katta	samu.kunakatta	cold (feeling)
tsumeta.i	tsumeta.kunai	tsumeta.katta	tsumeta.kunakatta	cold (touching)
hoshi.i	hoshi.kunai	hoshi.katta	hoshi.kunakatta	to want
~ta.i	~ta.kunai	~ta.katta	~ta.kunakatta	want to do..
~niku.i	~niku.kunai	~niku.katta	~niku.kunakatta	difficult to do..
Others	atsui (hot,thick), omoi (heavy), karui (light), kitsui (tight), chiisai (small), ookii (big), kawaii (cute), ureshii (happy), ippai (full), kashikoi (smart), okashii (funny/strange), omoshiroi (interesting), tanoshii (enjoyable)


*2: VERBs(MAS form) + ..TAI = want to ..
(eg. tabe(mas)+tai=tabetai,want to eat)
*3: VERBs(MAS form) + ..nikui = difficult to do..
(eg. tabe(mas)+nikui=tabenikui,difficult to eat)


• Ano ringo wa oishikunakatta
The apple wasn't good (delicious).
• Kono HP wa ji ga chiisakute minikui*3.
It's difficult to to see this HP beacuse the fonts are small.
• Oji ha yasashii hito datta.
My uncle was a nice person.

NA adjectives

+desu/+deshita	modify a noun + na	NEGATIVE + ja nai/de wa nai	PAST + datta	PAST NEGATIVE + ja nakatta/de wa nakatta	Englsih
KANTAN	kantan na	kantan ja nai	kantan datta	kantan ja nakatta	easy
SHINSETSU	shinsetsu na	shinsetsu janai	shinsetsu datta	shinsetsu ja nakatta	kind
MURI	muri na	muri janai	muri datta	muri ja nakatta	impossible
(FU)KANOU	(fu)kanou na	(fu)kanou ja nai	(fu)kanou datta	(fu)kanou ja nakatta	(im)possible
TASHIKA	tashika na	tashika ja nai	tashika datta	tashika ja nakatta	sure
FUKUZATSU	fukuzatsu na	fukuzatsu janai	fukuzatsu datta	fukuzatsu ja nakatta	complicatig
KANDOUTEKI	kandouteki na	kandouteki ja nai	kandouteki datta	kandouteki ja nakatta	moving,touching
MUDA	muda na	muda ja nai	muda datta	muda ja nakatta	no use/waste
TEINEI	teinei na	teinei ja nai	teinei datta	teinei ja nakatta	polite
NETSHIN	nestshin na	netshin janai	netshin datta	netshin ja nakatta	eager
Others	chuujitsu(faithful,loyal,devoted),baka(foolish),seikaku(correct,precise),zankoku(cruel) chiteki(intelligent),tokubetsu(special),ijiwaru(nasty),fu.kouhei(un.fair),rakutenteki(optimistic),hikanteki(pessimistic)



Kono mondai wa kantan datta. This question was easy.
Sore wa tashika nahanashi desuka? Is it a certain information ?
Kono mondai ha kantan datta. This question was easy.
Kare no doryoku wa muda ja nakatta.His effort wasn't in vain.



How to distinguish i and NA adjectives..

Most adjectives that end at "i" when they modify nouns are "i adjectives".
But there are some exceptions such as "kirei". "kirei" is a "NA adjective".



Other conjugation of adjectives

i or NA?		become to be..	became to be..	too..	too.. so..	make it ..
i	yasashi.i	yasashi.ku.naru	yasashi.ku.natta	yasahi.sugiru	yasashi.sugite..	yasashi.ku.suru
i	kanashi.i	kanashi.ku.naru	kanashi.ku.natta	kanashi.sugiru	kanashi.sugite..
i	na.i	na.ku.naru	na.ku.natta	na.sa.sugiru	na.sa.sugite..	na.ku.su
i	samu.i	samu.ku.naru	samu.ku.natta	samu.sugiru	samu.sugite..	samu.ku.suru
NA	kanou na	kanou ni naru	kanou ni natta	--	--	kanou ni suru
NA	fukuzatsu na	fukuzatsu ni naru	fukuzatsu ni natta	fukuzatsu sugiru	fukuzatsu sugite..	fukuzatsu ni suru
NA	ijiwaru na	ijiwaru ni naru	ijiwaru ni natta	ijiwaru sugiru	ijiwaru sugite..
NA	kouhei na	kouhei ni naru	kouhei ni natta	fukouhei sugiru*	fukouhei sugite..*	kouhei ni suru